What You Need to Know About Fast Food Essay Topics

What You Need to Know About Fast Food Essay Topics The Hidden Treasure of Fast Food Essay Topics Fast food is called junk food because of its deficiency of nutrition and an excessive amount of chemical flavor that are bad for our wellbeing. It being rich in salt, adversely affects the heart health and the overall health of an individual. Eating fast food may bring about skin issues like acne. Eating high-carb quick food increases your blood glucose. On the opposing side, saturated fats are bad fat which can't be burned and remain in our entire body. The high carbohydrates content in bun and rice can cause our bodies inability to create the sum of insulin necessary to cope with the degree of sugar produced after a meal. Eating plenty of food that has high carbohydrates like bun and rice can bring about diabetes. Finally, junk foods should be banned since they're unhealthy diet since they are lack in nutritional value (Health Foundation 2005). What You Don't Know About Fast Food Essay Topics The articles are created from scratch according to the user's requirements. Such essays are the most fascinating ones due to the fact that they reflect the realities of the modern world and highlight issues that concern a great deal of individuals. You might also attempt sharing your essay with different people and receiving their thoughts. Top Choices of Fast Food Essay Topics It's not unusual to read about quick food outlets that were closed down because of poor hygiene, and that's just those which were caught! Individuals who eat fast food despite knowing that it's unhealthy may quit eating it in case the government makes it unaffordable by increasing taxes on it. Be aware that the paragraph finishes by proving'' the claim within the subject sentence, that lots of fast-food chains earn their profits from including a distinctive ingredient known as secret sauce'' to their foods. In addition, quick food are always prepared at fast speed, meaning the customer doesn't need to wait around for quite a while for their purchase. The majority of the items sold in food outlets have a large quantity of fats, sugar, and are full of calories. You weigh your choices carefully. Lies You've Been Told About Fast Food Essay Topics College application essay is not too lengthy. Students have already written so many essays on several topics that a number of them can be very extraordinary and unusual. The subject of your essay ought to be in a position to reflect your know-how of what you've learned. The essay can provide a great chance to chat about a few of your accomplishments, but always make sure you do so in a sense that's not braggadocious. So that your essay should be quite impressive. Don't be scared to let your essay do something similar. Okay, you own a topic, a working thesis statement, and a couple quick food articles to begin your research. Keep in mind, research is the thing that makes an essay stick out among other essays. Our essay writing service supplies a comprehensive degree of help we'll write your essay from begin to finish, which means that you'll have a fantastic bit of work to hand in once the deadline rolls around. Even essays written employing the stream of consciousness technique have a specific goal at the conclusion of the essay. Up in Arms About Fast Food Essay Topics? Most flavors in fast food are created from chemical. The procedure for preparing the speedy food utilizing fat deep frying makes the food gets oily. Unfortunately, it is not healthy food. The majority of the quick food are pre-prepared and then go through a very simple procedure to accelerate their expert services. Imagine that you're an owner of a quick food restaurant. Traditionally prepared food is comparatively costly and more time-consuming to prepare but it's certainly healthy. Thus, think twice once you choose to visit a fast food restaurant. Although fast food restaurants make delicious food, they ought to be avoided as they're harmful to human well-being. Added with their delivery services and quick services, it isn't only convenient but also fast to save times if we are in the rush. There are plenty of places where you're able to turn to in the event you require quick help. Unfortunately a quick food essay is something that you will need to complete if you're to score excellent grades in school so there's not any way around handing it in. If you are able to learn to write a college essay the effortless way, you'll be in a position to conserve a great deal of time. The Definitive Approach to Fast Food Essay Topics Although fast food entered our everyday lives quite a little while before, it still is among the most essential social issues that. In conclusion, fast foods have a negative influence on nearly all facets of our life and the surroundings. They are one of the main causes of obesity, heart disease, and diabetes hence why many people face cancer, death, and many more. As an example, speedy food and the way that it affects people's lives is among the problems that are hotly debated nowadays.

What Is a Chemical Element Definition and Examples

An element or chemical element is the simplest form of matter in that it cannot be further broken down using any chemical means. Elements are made up of smaller particles, but you cant take an atom of an element and perform any chemical reaction that will break it apart or join its subunits to make a bigger atom of that element. Atoms of elements may be broken down or fused together using nuclear reactions. Element Basics So far, 118 chemical elements have been found. Of these, 94 are known to occur in nature, while the others are manmade or synthetic elements. Eighty elements have stable isotopes, while 38 are purely radioactive. The most abundant element in the universe is hydrogen: In the Earth (as a whole), its iron. In the Earths crust and the human body, the most abundant element by mass is oxygen. The term element may be used to describe atoms with a given number of protons or any amount of a pure substance made up of atoms of one element. It doesnt matter whether the number of electrons or neutrons varies throughout the sample. What Makes Elements Different From Each Other? How can you tell if two chemicals are the same element? Sometimes examples of a pure element look very different from each other. For example, diamond and graphite (pencil lead) are both examples of the element carbon. You wouldnt know it based on appearance or properties. However, atoms of diamond and graphite each share the same number of protons. The number of protons, particles in an atoms nucleus, determines the element. Elements on the periodic table are arranged in order of increasing numbers of protons. The number of protons is also known as an elements atomic number, which is indicated by the number Z. The reason different forms of an element (called allotropes) can have different properties even though they have the same number of protons is that the atoms are arranged or stacked differently. Think of it in terms of a set of blocks. If you stack the same blocks in different ways, you get different objects. Examples of Elements Pure elements can be found as atoms, molecules, ions, and isotopes. Examples of elements include a hydrogen atom (H), hydrogen gas (H2), the hydrogen ion H, and isotopes of hydrogen (protium, deuterium, and tritium). The element with one proton is hydrogen. Helium contains two protons and is the second element. Lithium has three protons and is the third element, and so on. Hydrogen has the smallest atomic number (1), while the largest known atomic number is that of the recently discovered element oganesson (118). Pure elements contain atoms that all have the same number of protons. If the number of protons of the atoms in a sample is mixed, you have a mixture, called a compound. Examples of pure substances that are not elements include water (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2) and salt (NaCl). Note how the chemical composition of these materials includes more than one type of atom. If the atoms had been the same type, the substance would have been an element even though it contained multiple atoms. Oxygen gas (O2) and nitrogen gas (N2) are examples of elements. What Is a Chemical Element Definition and Examples A chemical element, or an element, is defined as a material which cannot be broken down or changed into another substance using chemical means. Elements may be thought of as the basic chemical building blocks of matter. There are 118  known elements. Each element is identified according to the number of protons it has in its atomic nucleus. A  new element may be created by adding more protons to an atom. Atoms of the same element have the same atomic number or Z. Key Takeaways: Chemical Element A chemical element is a substance consisting of only one type of atom. In other words, all atoms in an element contain the same number of protons.The identity of a chemical element cannot be changed by any chemical reaction. However, a nuclear reaction can transmute one element into another one.Elements are considered to be the building blocks of matter. This is true, but its worth noting atoms of an element consist of subatomic particles.There are 118 known elements. New elements may yet be synthesized. Element Names and Symbols Each element may be represented by its atomic number or by its element name or symbol. The element symbol is a one or two letter abbreviation. The first letter of an element symbol is always capitalized. A second letter, if it exists, is written in lower case. The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) has agreed on a set of names and symbols for the elements, which are used in scientific literature. However, the names and symbols for the elements may be different in common use in various countries. For example, element 56 is called barium with element symbol Ba by the IUPAC and in English. It is called bario in Italian and baryum in French. Element atomic number 4 is boron to the IUPAC, but boro in Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish, Bor in German, and bore in French. Common element symbols are used by countries with similar alphabets. Element Abundance Of the 118 known elements, 94 are known to occur naturally on Earth. The others are called synthetic elements. The number of neutrons in an element determines its isotope. 80 elements have at least one stable isotope. Thirty-eight  consist solely of radioactive isotopes which decay over time into other elements, which may be either radioactive or stable. On Earth, the most abundant element in the crust is oxygen, while the most abundant element in the entire planet is believed to be iron. In contrast, the most abundant element in the universe is hydrogen, followed by helium. Element Synthesis Atoms of an element may be produced by the processes of fusion, fission, and radioactive decay. All of these are nuclear processes, which means they involve the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. In contrast, chemical processes (reactions) involve electrons and not nuclei. In fusion, two atomic nuclei fuse to form a heavier element. In fission, heavy atomic nuclei split to form one or more lighter ones. Radioactive decay can produce different isotopes of the same element or a lighter element. When the term chemical element is used, it can refer to a single atom of that atom or to any pure substance consisting only of that type of iron. For example, an iron atom and a bar of iron are both elements of the chemical element. Examples of Elements Element are found on the periodic table. Matter consisting of a single element contains atoms that all have the same number of protons. The number of neutrons and electrons does not impact the identity of an element, so if you had a sample containing protium, deuterium, and tritium (the three isotopes of hydrogen), it would still be a pure element. HydrogenGoldSulfurOxygenUraniumIronArgonAmericiumTritium (an isotope of hydrogen) Examples of Substances That Are Not Elements Substances that are not elements consist of atoms with different numbers of protons. For example, water contains both hydrogen and oxygen atoms. BrassWaterAirPlasticFireSandCarWindowSteel What Makes Elements Different From Each Other? How can you tell if two  chemicals  are the same element? Sometimes examples of a pure element look very different from each other. For example, diamond and graphite (pencil lead) are both examples of the element carbon. You wouldnt know it based on appearance or properties. However, atoms of diamond and graphite each share the same number of protons. The number of protons, particles in an atoms nucleus, determines the element. Elements on the  periodic table  are arranged in order of increasing numbers of protons. The number of protons is also known as an elements atomic number, which is indicated by the number Z. The reason different forms of an element (called allotropes) can have different properties even though they have the same number of protons is that the atoms are arranged or stacked differently. Think of it in terms of a set of blocks. If you stack the same blocks in different ways, you get different objects. Sources E. M. Burbidge; G. R. Burbidge; W. A. Fowler; F. Hoyle (1957). Synthesis of the Elements in Stars. Reviews of Modern Physics. 29 (4): 547–650. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.29.547Earnshaw, A.; Greenwood, N. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann.

What Does The Word Terrorist - 1070 Words

Introduction Many countries around the world are affected by terrorist organizations and continue to terrify audiences far and wide. When examining the word terrorist, it is used as a noun to identify someone who is acting in pursuit of political aims. The person committing the crimes will not call themselves terrorists, for the name terrorist is given by the witnesses and victims – more often public agents, the media – who label the acts of violence as terrorism. Terrorists justify their actions through specular causes, religious causes, and sometimes both. Violence is the key factor that leads us to labeling someone as a terrorist, however the violence is seen as a problem being solved and/or eliminated from society as an act they believe glorifies their beliefs. Through the extended essay, there will not be a sense of justification toward the acts of terrorists, however, an investigation arguing that learned behavior is connected to terroristic violence. Learned behaviors are influenced by internal and external factors. Internal factors affect how the individual behaves depending on what their individual characteristics consist of. Examples of internal factors are genetics, personality, and beliefs. All of these examples alter behavior of people in circumstances. However, internal factors are not the only thing that shaped behavior. Another aspect of learned behaviors is external factors. External factors result in changes of behavior due to outside influences like theShow MoreRelated Terrorism Essay678 Words   |  3 PagesTerrorism Terrorism†¦This is a very common word in today’s society. What does it mean? Or more importantly how do â€Å"we† prevent it and if necessary combat it? The word most commonly used to explain this is counter terrorism, but is also known as anti-terrorism. The military is a great force in combating terrorism with specialist groups in nearly each branch of the armed forces. Prior to the September 11 attacks the United States Armed Forces worked hand in hand with NATO and the United NationsRead MoreIslam and Reality Check Imagine911 Words   |  4 Pageslooks and nasty stares. Passersby look you up and down and sneer. They point when they think you’re not looking. They whisper to their friends about you. You hear the words, â€Å"towel head† and â€Å"terrorist†. Whether you’re a man with a beard and taqiyah (prayer cap) or a woman with a head scarf, it hurts to be treated this way. So why does it happen? Why do so many non-Muslims continuously provoke the Muslims in this country? Why here in the United States, where we have freedom of religion, freedom ofRead MoreTerrorism And Domestic Terrorism836 Words   |  4 PagesTerrorism, a word most people fear, but so often misinterpret. The textbook definition of terrorism is â€Å"the unlawful use of violence and intimidation, especially against civilians, in the pursuit of political aims†. But how does that compare to domestic terrorism? Domestic terrorism or â€Å"homegrown terrorism† can be defined as â€Å"the committing of terrorist acts in the perpetrator’s own country against their fellow citizens†. Throughout the years, America as a nation has experienced quite a few occurrencesRead MoreReligious Terrorism : Islamic Terrorism1586 Words   |  7 PagesIn other words terrorism is not a good thing. There are numerous types of terrorisms. Some are terrorists for political reasons, some are terrorists for religious reasons, and some are terrorists simply because they are out of their mind. Religious terrorism is one of the fastest growing types of terrorisms today. According to a survey done by the Atlantic, seventy-five percent of Americans think that religious terrorism is a growing, major threat to modern society (Merritt). Terrorist acts basedRead MoreTerrorism is not a derogatory moral classification; rather, it is a mode of warfare1600 Words   |  7 Pagesrecent past. Because of a sweeping generalizations about those that commit act of terrorism, terrorism has been turned into a â€Å"dirty† word to describe people, instead of the act that the word actually defines. Why do people decide to use terrorism as a derogatory moral classification? What causes them to, and how do historical events explain how this term became what it is today, an error of racial stereotyping, and why is it so important that people realize this mistake? Through the points in thisRead MoreThe Argument Against Negotiating With Terrorists913 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The argument against negotiating with terrorists is simple: Democracies must never give in to violence†1. This for the most part is the official line of most western liberal democracies. The policy of negotiating with terrorists give legitimacy top these violent groups and undermine the actions and methods of other groups who have pursued political change through peaceful means. Peace talks with terrorists can, and have, destabilized the negotiations and undercut international efforts to haltRead MoreReligious Discrimination in Modern Society1233 Words   |  5 Pagesthreatens the freedom of every individual to dress the way that they want, the freedom of expression and the right to practise their religion. We are currently living in a society where basic human rights are violated, and bigots are allowed to dictate what women are allowed to wear and how they should follow their religion. Laws and policies have been passed in countries such as France, banning people from practising their faith in public. It is now illegal to distinguish yourself as a follower ofRead MoreEssay about What is Terrorism, Who Conducts it, and The Intended Target1590 Words   |  7 PagesIn today’s world, terrorism is not an un-known word; terrorism can be tracked back to early recorded history. Nevertheless terrorism definition is universally hard to define (Brown, 2008). Every individual’s definition of terrorism is different some describe it as a strategy and tactic. Another will describe it as sacred obligation, some will say it’s a justified stand against domination. Obviously, it depends on whose point of view is being represented (Brown, 2008). However, AustralianRead MoreEssay on The Terrorists Attack on the World Trade Centre in New York1205 Words   |  5 Pages The terrorists attack on the World Trade Centre in New York on September 9, 2001 which changes the western concept about Islam and Muslims. Moreover, Islamic concept â€Å"Jihad† is criticized and it is questioned among Non-Muslims. 9/11 attack not only effects non-Muslims but also the Muslims who have no connections with the terrorist groups. As well as they do not support these terrorism. These Muslims face the hatred of the non-western people. They feel guilty about the Sin, they neitherRead MoreTerrorist And Freedom Fighter By Steven Handel814 Words   |  4 PagesTerrorist and Freedom fighter can be separated through there definition, but not through there synonyms that clarify an unjust distinction. It is a mentality that majority of American’s apply whether they realize it or not. Individuals according to Steven Handel believes that we implement â€Å"The Us vs. Them Mentality† by extension elaborates the mentality that individuals for instanc e, Americans, give people who are different than us through race, gender, age, nationality, culture, religion, or socioeconomic

About Nuclear Weapons - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 759 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/08/16 Category Security Essay Level High school Tags: Nuclear Weapons Essay Did you like this example? Warfare has been around since the beginning of time, sadly it is a part of human nature. There are many types of warfare, one being traditional warfare, where huge armies opposed each other using swords, shields, and many other weapons. Warfare has changed through the ages though, along with technology, therefore, presenting another type of warfare, this one bringing all kinds of new dangers. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "About Nuclear Weapons" essay for you Create order This new warfare has brought humanitys most destructive weapons yet, nuclear weapons. There are a few main points that are discussed about such as, a nuclear war is likely to happen, the pros and cons of nuclear weapons, and, the radioactive fallout following nuclear weapons. The possibility of a nuclear war is actually, believe it or not, quite high. One reason for this being so, is presented by ElBaradei Mohamed, He said Nine countries have nuclear weapons and it is estimated that 35-40 have the knowledge to acquire them. (ElBaradei) The fact that 30-40 countries have the knowledge to get nuclear weapons is a big factor in the possibility of a nuclear war.chances are, one or more countries already have nuclear weapons secretly, hidden from the knowledge of other countries, yet, ready for use if needed. The reason many countries dont have nuclear weapons is due to the cost of them Elbaradei Mohamed said The US spent $5.8 trillion on nuclear weapons. (ElBaradei) This goes to show much nuclear weapons actually cost. Therefore the countries that have a main focus of war are the countries that have nuclear weapons. Most countries simply dont want to pay for them. Nuclear weapons can prove to have a few pros and a few cons. First off, the Pros, nuclear weapons provide the foundation of other technologies, such as nuclear power plants. Another pro is they stop major conflicts beginning, Crystal Lombardo said The presence of these weapons and their immense destructive capabilities is a major deterrent for starting a major conflict. (Lombardo) Nuclear weapons can stop a war due to the two leaders in a conflict realizing that they probably wouldnt survive if a war was started. Some cons of nuclear weapons are not safe do to having extra radioactive waste after creating a weapon. The waste from the weapons could also possibly leak and give people radiation poisoning. Another con is that nuclear weapons create a lot of fear Crystal Lombardo said A terrorist group with a nuclear weapon could cause immense and immediate damage that could change the path of an entire society. This goes to show that nuclear weapons given to the wrong people could create lots of problems. A radioactive fallout is a very serious co nsequence of a nuclear war. Most people fear the nuclear bomb itself, and figure if they survive the explosion they will be fine. That is completely wrong. The truth is, most people would actually die after the nuclear bomb rather than dying during the explosion. That is due to the radioactive fallout, the aftermath of a nuclear war. Henry Shrimp said: Radioactive fallout poses health dangers, particularly in the form of cancer, to humans in the form of radiation. When radioactive chemicals break down they release a certain amount of radiation. When humans are exposed to this radiation there is a risk that it causes chemical changes in cells which can kill or makes cells abnormal. In damaging the DNA contained in cells, radiation can cause cancer and can also lead to birth defects in children due to the tampering with a persons genetic makeup. (Shrimp) This goes to show how dangerous a radioactive fallout can prove to be. Nuclear weapons are extremely controversial and no one really knows how far reaching the consequences might be if actually used. Hopefully no one will ever find out how far reading the consequences are. The advancement of technology is a good thing most of the time, but, sometimes it can produce things that arent so good suc h as nuclear weapons. Yet, sometimes even those have a good side and provide new ideas that are good. Hopefully there will never be a nuclear war. There are a few main points that were discussed about, they were, a nuclear war is likely to happen, the pros and cons of nuclear weapons, and, the radioactive fallout following nuclear weapons. Works Cited ElBaradei, Mohamed. Nuclear Weapons-The Facts New Internationalist, The New Internationalist, 2 Jun. 2008, Accessed 15 Nov. 2018. (ElBaradei) Lombardo, Crystal. 16 pros and cons of nuclear weapons. Vittana, 15 Nov. 2013, Accessed 15 Nov. 2018. (Lombardo) Shrimp, Henry. Effects to the Human Body From Radioactive Fallout. Stanford University, 23 Apr. 2017, Accessed 15 nov. 2018. (Shrimp)

Human Rights, A Non Governmental Organization - 898 Words

Hi all let me start by first elaborating on the background about various NGOs and there work in the field of Human rights, A human rights NGO is a non-governmental organization that works to protect human rights and end human rights violations. The topic of â€Å"human rights† encompasses a wide range of issues, including freedom of expression, right to due process, gender equality, and freedom from poverty and violence. Many NGOs turn to the UN’s Universal Declarations of Human Rights in order to fully outline organizational goals. Human rights NGOs vary in their approach. Some NGOs perform extensive research in order to document human rights abuses. These organizations serve as â€Å"watchdogs,† monitoring the potentially abusive actions of governments. Many human rights NGOs work to bring public attention to human rights abuses through information campaigns, NGO member updates, and coordination with the press. By garnering public support of an issue, human rights NGOs can put intense pressure on perpetrators to end human rights abuses. Human rights NGOs work at the local, national and international level and may focus their efforts on government advocacy or grassroots organizing. I have chosen to write about Human Rights Watch, although a more familiar name we have all became accustom too is Amnesty International, but after doing some research online and finding out that Amnesty on some occasions have yielded to pressure not only from US Government but also from the gov. ofShow MoreRelatedHuman Rights And Non Governmental Organizations1813 Words   |  8 Pagescentury has been seen as a turning point for human rights. Many business people and ethicists believe that it is time for businesses to start following human rights. There is however the lack of agreement of human rights laws from transnational corporations. Transnational corporations support human rights by providing jobs with livable wages and show respect for rule of law. However, transnational corporations are also known for violating human rights laws by providing very unsafe working conditionsRead MoreUnited Nations Economic And Social Council1334 Words   |  6 PagesResearch an International Non -Governmental Organization that works on behalf of human rights issues. The United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) defines an INGO as any organization which is not established by inter-governmental agreement (Resolution 288 (X) 27 February 1950), including organizations which accept members designated by government authorities, provided that such membership does not interfere with the free expression of views of the organizations (Resolution 1296 (XLV)Read MoreNgo Is An Acronym That Means Non Governmental Organization1656 Words   |  7 PagesNGO is an acronym that means non-governmental organization. The term comes from the United Nations and, originally, its meaning is broader than private development organization. According to the United Nations, the NGO groups may include service organizations in order to profit foundations, educational institutions, churches and hospitals. However, this name has been accepted by the entire international community to refer more specifically to non-profit organizations involved in international developmentRead MoreHuman Rights Of A Country s Civil Society1579 Words   |  7 PagesHuman Rights A human right is defined as, a right that is believed to belong justifiably to every person. They are often held to include the right to life, liberty, equality, and a fair trial, freedom from slavery and torture, and freedom of thought and expression. The Chinese government often denies any abuses of human rights, but many countries and international organizations argue otherwise. Many point out repeated abuses in areas such as†¦.. Civil Society Civil society can be defined as theRead MoreLiberalism And The United Nations878 Words   |  4 Pagespolitical freedoms (human rights). Realism believes states are driven by competitive self-interest; international organizations hold little to no real influence because states are self-preserved. International relations is governed by states acting in their self-interest through liberalism; states act in their self-interest by cooperating with one another through international organizations, transnational advocacy networks, and non-governmental organizations. International organizations, normative valuesRead MoreWomen s Rights And Gender Equality Essay1506 Words   |  7 Pagesa very real fight for gender equality that we are currently engaged in, and a participant in that fight that holds a fundamental role are non-governmental organizations (NGOs). NGOs exist as private, voluntary organizations that function without government restriction and bias because they are not for profit and not funded by the government. These organizations coordinate strategies in order to â€Å"perform a variety of services and humanitarian functions, bring citizen concerns to governments, advocateRead MoreThe Role Of Organizations In Organizations1487 Words   |  6 Pageslocal civil society institutions and initiative communities in Central Asia. The Council for International Research and Exchanges (IREX), which carried out the program in Uzbekistan during 2005, required to unite disparate groups of non-state, non-profit organizations into an effective sector. In Uzbekistan, seven regional centers for the support of civil society (CSSC) were established under the program. (Ashra , J. 2008) The purpose of creating such a network was to monitor the internal social lifeRead MoreReparation for the Non-Compensated Group in the District of Marowijne1691 Words   |  7 Pagescommando led by Ronnie Brunswijk and the Surinamese military team headed by Desi Bouterse, the human rights o f the people who were living in the tribal communities in the district of Marowijne were consistently being violated. However a peace agreement had been signed in France Guiana in May 1992, the American Court of Human Rights sentenced the government of Suriname of committing actions against human rights and ordered the state to start an investigation to compensate the civilians of the massacreRead MoreState Sovereignty vs. Environmental Sustainability Essay1219 Words   |  5 Pagesmeet the growing needs of humans. By doing this humans have fished, gathered species, hunted for food, fuel, and shelter. Humans have domesticated plants and animals, cut forests, used anything from fire to technological advancements to alter habitats, and have significantly changes chemical hydrological and geochemical cycles. As a result humans do not reflect what life on earth is, but changes to landscape and sea reflect human culture. As species die, humans lose their food, medicinesRead MoreHuman Trafficking in Our Own Backyard726 Words   |  3 PagesHuman trafficking is an important problem in world politics that is not currently receiving the attention that it should. This is a terrible practice that involves the exploitation of workers, violation of human rights, and the encroachment onto the body when human trafficking turns sexual. Human trafficking is a huge issue that much is still unknown about. When we think of this practice we often think of the issue that only occurs overseas in poverty-stricken nations however this practice is very

The Ethical Concerns Of Psychotherapy - 1229 Words

The Research of Psychotherapy Psychotherapy is an interactive process between two individuals or more for the purpose of the improvement or the relief of the suffer of the person from compulsion, troublesome behavior, depression, etc. The process has to be done by using the therapeutic methods which logically relevant to the case under the regulations by laws and the profession. The therapist required for psychotherapy is proficient in both the theories of formation of personality and the techniques and theories of cognitive behavior modification. Founded by Sigmund Freud in the early 20th century, the Modern psychology has been developing and improved its concepts and theories. Psychotherapy, the application of it, has been perfecting†¦show more content†¦It is equally forbidden for the professional secret to be communicated to another, including a doctor. The same is true of other secrets.† (Pope Pius XII). The holy father used confession as a similar example of the principle: The secrets from a psychotherapy should never be revealed to others just like that priests can never disclose the secrets from the confession room. The holly father understood the importance of the secrets of the patients as a principle in psychotherapy. The dignity of a human person can be protected when his or her deep secrets would not be known by others. However, the principle might vary under different circumstances in psychotherapy. The involvement of the third parties and their benefits are the main causes of the problem of confidentiality. That in what kind of situation should a therapist disclose the content of the therapy is actually hard to be determined. Whether or not leaking the secrets of the patients under certain circumstances is ethical becomes one of biggest ethical dilemma in Psychotherapy. The typical cases will be: If the patient is doing certain illegal activities that violates the law with no one knowing it, should the therapist report it? Do the parents of the patient have the right to know the progress and the content of the therapy? Should the potential victims that might be harmed by the patients be aware of his or her situations? The ways that a therapist handles the problem might cause very critical results.Show MoreRelatedEffects Of Cocaine Dependence On Increased Crime Rates And Criminal Activity Essay1479 Words   |  6 PagesUsers of these drugs tend to ignore safe sex practices beca use of the effect of the drug on normal psychological functioning of the brain. Increased Health Risks The public health sector is concerned with this problem because it creates new health concerns and increases the overall costs of health care delivery. As evident in the analysis, cocaine dependence affects brain structure and operations, which in turn result in the emergence of new health risks among adolescent and adult populations. HealthRead MoreThe Therapist And The Client929 Words   |  4 Pagesaccomplished by building a strong therapeutic relationship through empathy, acceptance and genuineness, the therapist encouraging the client to take control of the session, and through self-exploration (PCT). As a therapist, it is their ethical responsibility to abide by any and all codes involved in mental health counseling. According to the ACA integration of study code, â€Å"In traditional, hybrid, and/or online formats, counselor educators establish education and training programs that integrateRead MoreTreating Childhood Depression from a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Approach1163 Words   |  5 Pagesinterfere with the child’s daily living at school and home. 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Treatment of bulimia, as with all eating disorders, can be challenging because effective treatmentRead MoreEthical Issues for the Integration of Religion and Spirituality in Therapy1308 Words   |  5 PagesEthical Issues for the Integration of Religion and Spirituality in Therapy Abstract Religion plays an important role in the lives of many people, and in such cases, religious principles and beliefs influence all aspects of their lives. With the increasing interest in spirituality in the community, the intersection of psychological services, religion and spirituality is likely to be a growth area in psychology (Plante, 2007). However, working with clients around religion and spirituality issuesRead MoreThe Ethics Of Paediatric Anti Depressant907 Words   |  4 PagesSynthesizing the clinical problems relating to the prescription of antidepressant medications, M. C. Shearer and S. L. Bermingham outline and highlight the ethical concerns regarding the use of antidepressant medications in children and adolescents. Professors of Biology Shearer and Bermingham in their article The Ethics of Paediatric Anti-Depressant Use: Erring on the Side of Caution argue that prescribing antidepressants to youth is a simplistic approach to a complex issue and should be severelyRead Mo reEvidence Based Practice For A Patient With Depression And Other Issues1338 Words   |  6 Pagesnumber if antidepressant medications, which she states â€Å"take the edge off†. This will be the third time that she has participated in psychotherapy. She and her husband work full-time, have job security and health insurance. Critical questions in this case that can be guided by a review of published research include the relative role of medication versus psychotherapy in alleviating depression and menopausal symptoms. Assertive and dependent behaviors can easily be shaped using cognitive-behavioralRead MoreIntroduction to Counselling Concepts1740 Words   |  7 Pagesthe more professional term, Psychotherapy) is aimed at easing these problems, and attempts to solve them via the application of varying approaches - Merely being a listening ear for someone and their issues can often allow them to gain a clearer insight into the truth of their internal grievance, and so sel f-actualize a newfound clarity of awareness. When discussing the term Counselling, it is important to make note of the dichotomy between professional Psychotherapy, and the informal use of counsellingRead MoreEssay about CCMH506 R2 Personality In Counseling Worksheet WK1819 Words   |  4 Pagesbecause it gives understanding, interpretation and, ultimately, action. Consistency and integrity are important in order to achieve goals in the most efficient and effective way.   Reference Flanagan, J. S., Flanagan, R. S. (2012).  Counseling and psychotherapy theories in context and practice; skills, strategies, and techniques  (2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons, Inc.. 2. How does personality apply to counseling theories? An individuals personality will often either help or hinder the counselingRead MoreA Research On Group Therapy996 Words   |  4 Pagespurpose. Accordingly, some of these benefits are derived from individuals within a therapeutic setting where group therapy has been effectively used in counseling for several years and remains ongoing. Group therapy is largely described as a type of psychotherapy that involves one or more therapist working with several clients at the same time. Group therapy is offered in varying mental health setting including hospitals, mental health clinics, private practice and community centers and is used to treat

Abstract -crankshafts Are An Integral Part Of An...

Abstract –Crankshafts are an integral part of an automobile engine. The crankshaft undergoes various loads and stresses during operation. A crankshaft is responsible in conjunction with the piston rod for converting the linear movement of piston into rotary movement. In this paper we represent FEA analysis and topology optimization of 2 wheeler crankshaft. In this paper represents detail about the project. In this project, the crankshaft will be analyzed and suitable changes for weight optimization will be made in the crankshaft. The main objectives in this project are to analyze and find out the low stress regions on the crankshaft and try and reduce weight of the crankshaft by eliminating the low stress regions from the crankshaft. In†¦show more content†¦The shape and size of crankshaft depends on the number and arrangement of cylinders. It is usually made by steel forging, but some makers use special types of cast-iron such as spheroidal graphitic or nickel alloy castings which are cheaper to produce and have good service life. Fig. 1.2: Crankshaft There are other components in the I.C. Engine like Bearings, Flywheel, spark plug, fuel pump and carburetor but majority of the parts contributing in the mechanism are explained above. NEED OF PROJECT: Crankshaft is one of the most important moving parts in internal combustion engine. Crankshaft is a large component with a complex geometry in the engine, which converts the reciprocating displacement of the piston into a rotary motion. It is essential that crankshaft is designed with consideration of dynamic loading and with modern engineering techniques with good factor of safety. At the same time it is important to reduce the weight of any component of the automobile even if by the slightest without compromising function of the component. As reduction in the weight helps us improving carbon footprint of the vehicle and reduce the effect of emission on the environment as well as have more economical transport by increasing fuel efficiency of the vehicle. III. LITERATURE review Jaimin Brahmbhatt Prof. Abhishek Choubey (2012) presented a paper on â€Å"Design and Analysis of Crankshaft for Single Cylinder 4-Stroke Diesel Engine†Show MoreRelatedHybrid Vehcile6999 Words   |  28 PagesTechnologies (SP-1789) Future Transportation Technology Conference Costa Mesa, California June 23-25, 2003 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001 U.S.A. Tel: (724) 776-4841 Fax: (724) 776-5760 Web: www.sae.org All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. For permission and licensing

Southwest Internal Analysis Free Essays

Southwest Airlines Internal Analysis Introduction This internal business analysis is on Southwest Airlines, which was founded in 1967 by Rollin King and Herb Kelleher. The main focus for Southwest Airlines was to provide low cost flights for their customers, and also have exceptional customer satisfaction. Southwest is a leading airline company that continues to do well in an industry that has been historically challenging. We will write a custom essay sample on Southwest Internal Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now For instance, in the span of two years (2005-2007) five major airlines have filed for bankruptcy. The challenges are great in the airline industry, because competitors are trying to imitate the â€Å"low-cost† offering of Southwest. Many companies have tried to do what Southwest has done, and many have failed to stay in business. Surprisingly, many of those companies were started by ex-employees of Southwest. Southwest currently has a profitability record for the past thirty six years, which is spectacular in such a challenging industry. Herb Kelleher has been replaced by Gary C. Kelly, as the president when he resigned in May of 2008. Southwest is in the process of expanding the locations they serve so that they can increase market share, and also find ways to cut costs without losing their quality. In order for southwest to continue their consecutive financial success there is a necessity for excellence in the execution process of their strategy. Business Level Strategy The business level strategy (BLS) that Southwest focuses on is Cost Leadership. They are the leading airline in the United States for providing low-cost fares to their broad customer base. Southwest has found innovative ways to reduce cost within their cost structure enabling them to offer lower fares than competitors and still maintain a profit. One way that has helped Southwest save time and money is their standardization of their airline fleet. This tactic is known as the â€Å"one-model-fleet† by the airline. Having a single airplane model in a fleet has allowed Southwest to â€Å"lower inventory, record keeping and maintenance costs, and it minimizes the number of technical manuals, tools and spare parts. † Another methodology that has layed an important role in their thirty six years of profitability is their fuel hedging practices they’ve practiced since the late nineties. This tactic has saved the company millions of dollars, and in 2007 alone has saved the company 727 million dollars. Another cost saving measure that Southwest has implemented is the use of blended winglets on all of their 737-700’s models. This change is supposed to improve performance by extending the airplanes range, saving fuel, and lowering engine maintenance costs and reducing takeoff noise. More recently, Southwest began to use EcoPower engine wash services. This is going to allow Southwest to save an estimated $20 million dollars in fuel costs. All of these tactics by Southwest are designed to save on expenses that they incur doing business. Many airlines cut cost by laying off employees, but Southwest has established a â€Å"no layoff policy† that is currently still in effect. This shows how committed the company is to their employees, and how they are an integral part of their business. Resources Southwest has plenty of resources that have contributed to their success as an airline company. Their intangible resources have created their competitive advantage in relation to their competitors. The reason for that is the simple fact that their tangible resources are not difficult to replicate. It’s the technique that Southwest uses to connect their resources that has enabled them to be successful in the airline industry. Their tangible and intangible resources are as follows: Tangible: The main tangible resources that Southwest has are its training center, employees, headquarter facility, acquisitions, partnerships, take off and landing spots, frequent flyer reward program, self-service check-in kiosks, and their fleet aircrafts. In 1986, Southwest opened a multi-million dollar training center for their flight crews. As all businesses, employees are necessary if you’re conducting business on a large scale. The connection between Southwest and its customers are their employees, which makes the employees role that much more important. Although, the employees are tangible, the culture of the employees is intangible aspect that has been difficult for competitors to imitate. The training center for their employees was an investment Southwest made early on knowing its importance to the long term success for the company. The headquarters for Southwest is another tangible resource, which is located in Dallas. The headquarter similar to many other companies allow top management to effectively communicate the organizational goals of the company. Acquisitions and partnerships that Southwest has completed throughout their duration allow the company to expand their services to more than 64 cities in the United States, and obtain more take-off and landing spots. The frequent flyer program is another tangible resource that Southwest possesses, but interestingly has not had a major impact on Southwest’s bottom line. With the help of IBM, Southwest was able to offer about 250 self-service check-in kiosks. The reason for having the kiosks for their customers was to reduce the amount of time the customers spend in line and to improve the airport experience. In the very beginning, Southwest only had 3 Boeings in their lineup but now they have more than 243 aircrafts in their lineup. Intangible: The main intangible resources that Southwest has are its brand, unique culture, and reputation. Southwest has a brand that is known widely when referencing the airplane industry. The brand that they represent is one that is reliable, convenient, employee centered, customer oriented, and at the same time providing a low cost alternative to their customers. This has helped dramatically in their formation of their culture, because even in the beginning their main focus has been on its employees. Southwest has a culture that is unmatched in the industry, and one of the main reasons they have been wildly successful in a challenging environment. Early on Southwest made the decision to sell one of their airplanes rather than laying off their employees to show their loyalty to its employees. All of these factors have enabled the company to maintain a reputation that is respected among the industry. The reputation that they have has enabled them to reap the benefits of being recognized as a leader in the industry. For example, Southwest has earned several Triple Crown awards, which is an award for having the best on-time record, best baggage handling, and fewest customer complaints. Outcomes from Combinations of the Criteria for Sustainable Competitive Advantage: Is the Resource of Capability Valuable? | Is the Resource or Capability Rare? | Is the Resource or Capability Costly to imitate? Is the Resource or Capability Nonsubstitutable? | Competitive Consequences| Performance Implications| No| No| No| No| Competitive disadvantage| Below-average returns| Yes| No| No| Yes/No| Competitive parity| Average returns| Yes| Yes| No| Yes/No| Temporary competitive advantage| Average returns to above-average returns| Yes| Yes| Yes| Yes/No| Sustainable competitive advantage| Above-ave rage returns| Result from the chart: Capabilities The capabilities of Southwest Airlines are the origin of the firm’s ability to create a competitive advantage over other airlines in industry. Southwest focuses on three main functional areas within the organization, which are management, human resources, and marketing. Management The management capabilities of Southwest Airlines are the main reason why the company has been so profitable, utilizing an effective low cost organizational structure throughout the entirety of the company. Using only one type of plane fleet, the Boeing 737 series, which allows minimizing inventory and resources needed for training, maintenance, parts, and is also a very reliable plane. This helps in the quick turnaround times at the gates, which keeps more planes in the air at any given point in time. In the 1990’s Southwest employed an aggressive fuel hedging tactic saving the company millions of dollars in hard times, while still being able to provide low ticket prices to consumers. Another important area management focuses on is the management of human resources that emphasis both employees and customer alike. Human Resources Focusing on customer service, Southwest Airlines opened a multi-million dollar training facility for its flight crews in 1986. The heart of this training facility is to promote human capitol and share knowledge throughout company. By focusing first on their own employees, southwest can ensure that the employees will then focus on the customer. Through motivation and empowerment in the training of its employees, Southwest can provide customers a comfortable experience while retaining employees and making it hard for competitors imitate. This is proven with its Triple Crown Award for best on-time record, best baggage handling, and least customer complaints. Marketing One way to promote value and differentiate itself from competitors is Southwest’s humorous advertisements. Exercising the LUV ticker symbol, Southwest promotes its customer driven services and prices. While in the late 1980’s Southwest started a rewards program that has retained loyal customers, but has not been proven successful for leisure travelers. With the low cost abilities, timeliness flights, rewards, and focus on the customer, Southwest Airlines has carried out an exceptional marketing strategy. Core Competencies Employee Loyalty Within the first two years of operation Southwest suffered huge losses and had to make some major financial decisions. These decisions lead to the selling off an aircraft and keep all of the employees created the â€Å"no lay off policy†. Then in 1973 Southwest was one of the first companies to incorporate profit sharing where employees owned at least 8% of the company stock. This leads to higher employee satisfaction, retention rate, and increases the want for the company to do well, this way the employees focus more on creating value for the customer. Management Skills Southwest Airlines management has tailored numerous sets of activities around a low cost structure creating value for the customer. With short domestic, point-to-point flights, no additional in flight features and no seat reservations allows for a short turnaround time, which makes for less crowded airports and maximizes flight time. Along with fuel hedging and low maintenance costs, the design of these best-fit activities show that the excellent management skills are a core competency that creates a competitive advantage over other airlines. Conclusion Through the intertwining of its resources, Southwest Airlines has created a unique set of capabilities and competencies that has continuously allowed successful implementation of its business level strategy. With a focus on low-cost leadership and customer service, Southwest Airlines creates value with reliable on-time departures and a unique company culture. This provides a sustainable competitive advantage that is hard for competitors to imitate and provides a string foundation for Southwest Airlines’ future success. How to cite Southwest Internal Analysis, Essay examples

Modernism in Design edited by ... free essay sample

Modernism in Design edited by Paul Greenhalgh This is a well written and thorough collection of essays evaluating different topics intertwined with Modernism, focusing particularly on Modernism in architecture and interior design. Paul Greenhalgh was a member of the Department of Research at the Victoria and Albert museum and a tutor on the VA/RCA design course. The aim of the book is to reconstruct Modernism as a historical phenomenon to which is an idea that I agree with, however the book was very boring and unengaging. The book itself had little illustration, where a photo was only inserted when referring to a specific, i.e (p.84) depicts Makarts studio just to illustrate the studio. When discussing such an interesting topic such as Modernism and especially in Architecture the collection of essays could have been marred by a more interesting medium. The content of the book was difficult to follow, as the language seemed conversational or still in thought. The book is interesting because there is no bias. It allows both the prejudices and preferences allowing the reader to form critical and sympathetic perspectives. Modernism in Design and architecture emerged in the aftermath of the First World War and the Russian Revolution. During the years between the World wars, Modernist design and art shared certain underlying principles: a rejection of decoration and applied ornament; a preference for abstraction; and a belief that design and technology could transform society. Post war half the world needed to be fixed. People were living in devastation and the world needed to be rebuilt. To move on from the devastation it also needed to be redesigned. Which led to the modernist ideology of building Utopia. Design was perceived to have the ability to transform the consciousness of those who were brought into contact with it. For example, if one were to redesign a city, this would not simply improve the environmental conditions off those who lived in it, it would have the potential to shift their psychological outlook(Greenhalgh, 1990 p.13) Modernism was not conceived as a style but a loose collection of ideas. For example you could not label a design itself as a modernist design however the methods used to create the design could considered part of the modernist movement. The methodology flourished in Germany, Holland, Moscow, Paris, Prague and New York. A belief that the human condition could be cured or healed by new approaches to art and design. There are 12 identifiable core common ideas of Modernism which were listed in the book:1. Decompartmentalisation 2. Social Morality3. Truth4. The total work of art 5. Technology6. Function7. Progress8. Anti-Historicism 9. Abstraction 10. Internationalism/unversiality 11. Transformation of consciousness 12. Theology In no particular order, I agree that internationalism/universality and function, were two core ideas exemplified in the modernist era. We could say that the modernism movement was split into two phases, the pioneer phase opening amid the First World War, the second phase I will label the development of International style. International style was a very successful effort to create an united recognisable style for the everyday. With international cooperation the quest for a peaceful world can be achieved, this then leads to a universal design. Which is still prominent in design today that objects can be recognised globally for what they are, despite, fundamental differences in language and time. When describing the modernist movement Greenhalgh uses language like bourgeois to describe the people directly involved. Referring to the modernists as bourgeois this leads me to believe that this a particular group of people; whom I am not familiar with, due to the fact that I am no t middle class. So, even though, modernism affected the world both directly and indirectly, with long term effects; those who directly benefited would be those of middle class or higher. An international language benefited no one except those who frequently travelled abroad†¦and such people tended to be wealthy rather than poor Kettle, Tefal.Ive added another core common idea to the modernist movement which is timelessness. Greenhalgh refers to timelessness frequently throughout the readings but doesnt mention it as a core idea. Abstraction, is, one of the core ideas though, which allows me to believe that timelessness was left out on purpose. Modernists themselves could not have had timelessness as a common idea without the benefit of hindsight. How can you perceive a design to be timeless if you are living in the time of the design. Greenhalgh briefly jokes about the benefit of hindsight/time viewed from the safe distance of the 1990s but does not go into detail of how beneficiary hindsight is when perceiving the chronology of the Modern Movement in Design. I agree with notion that designers no longer design for themselves, amidst and after the modernist movement. Post-modernism has for several decades celebrated the death of the author and focused its attentions on the role of the reader. Everything is designed for the consumer as we live in a capitalist world (regardless of east or west) where popularity equals money and money equals power. Greenhalgh starts off by stressing that in his referral to modern he does not mean new or now or contemporary or latest fashion but specific methodologies and belief systems. However, in the readings it is clear to me that Modernists thought of themselves as the new the now the contemporary the latest fashion and seemed to discard the homage to their predecessors as if eve rything that they have created is absolutely alien. Perhaps, with the benefit of progressing almost 100 years into the future, I can see the evolution of design. Although, I can identify the evolutionary theory of design, with the benefit of hindsight I can also identify where the basic principals and fundamentals must be followed in design.

Contemporary Issues in Management and Organisational Behaviour

Questions: Task 1: Briefly explain: manager, management and organisation. Assess the significance of managers in achieving organisational success for a company of your own choice. Task2: Analyse how size and strategy of a company can affect its organisational structure? Support your answer with relevant examples. Task3: a) Discuss Tescos current mission, vision and corporate strategy. b) Suggest and explain the process that can help Tesco to formulate its corporate strategy for the year 2015. c) What do you understand by the term organisational culture? Can Tesco improve its performance by changing its culture? Discuss. Answers: Introduction Management principles are referred to as guidelines for managers based on which they take their decisions and plan their actions (Plunkett, et al., 2012). Management principles are derived from analysis and observation of events happening in real life situations within organisations. This report studies different aspects of management principles in relation to Tesco. Task 1: Definition: Manager, Management and Organisation; Role played by Managers in achieving desired goals Manager is an individual who pans, directs and controls the work to be performed by others and is also responsible for the outcome (Hellriegel John W. Slocum, 2011). It is managers responsibility to ensure order and consistency is maintained in the work of their employees. The key functions in a managers role within an organisation is defined by three key words namely; authority wherein they are empowered to take decisions for their employees, responsibility for ensuring targets are achieved and accountability for accepting both success and failures. Management refers to the process of organising and coordinating various activities of a business in order to ensure desired objectives are achieved (Ng, 2011). It comprises of activities of planning, organising, directing, and controlling employees in order to achive specified goals. Management is task-oriented and view employees as machines that are used for performing tasks. It helps in creating a disciplined work culture where efficiency and productivity are measures that indicate high performance. Organisation refers to a social unit of individuals who are structured and managed in a manner that help achieving common goals (Fox, 2007). Organisations have a well-defined management structure that creates a relationship between members and activities by subdividing roles and responsibilities among members based on their skills and expertise. Organisations perform like open systems which have certain effects on environment and are greatly affected by their environment. Managers play a very vital role in achieving desired organisations goals at Tesco. Managers at Tesco are responsible for ensuring sales targets are meet (Pattanayak, 2005). They define goals and objectives for the team and plans the way work should be carried on in order to achieve specified goals. Mangers are help organising tasks among team members, the work id divided into manageable activities and assigned to team members based on their capabilities. This help ensuring tasks will be completed within specified time frame. Managers at Tesco ensures that the team members are motivated enough to deliver their best performance (Adair, 2009). Through their effective communication they ensure that employees are well informed of their duties and associated rewards and recognitions. Managers are responsible for identify employee needs and ensuring there are satisfied in order to enhance job satisfaction and commitment. Managers at Tesco help ensuring that individual goals are aligned with organisational goals and employees are provided with ample opportunities to realise their full potential (Miner, 2005). Managers are also responsible for evaluation of team performance based on which improvements are planned continuously. Managers at Tesco work towards the development of customer-oriented work culture that help achieving desired goals. Task 2: Effect of size and strategy of organisation on its organisational structure Organisational structure refers to the structural framework that defines hierarchical levels within an organisation (Chambley, 2013). It helps defining the ways in which activities such as supervision, task allocation and coordination are carried out within organisations and enable them achieve desired goals and objectives. It can also be defined as architecture of leadership, business competence, functional relationships, talent and management (Filte Ireland , 2013). In order to determine the affect of size and strategy of an organisation on its organistaional structure it is important to get a brief understanding of different types of organisational structures. There are six types of organizational structures namely; Divisional structure wherein organisations are divided into divisions mostly based on geographical locations, products, functionality and strategies, Functional Structure wherein employees are assigned to different functional areas depending on their expertise, Geograp hical structure where groups are founded on the basis of geographical locations, Horizontal Structure wherein people working on similar projects are grouped together, Hybrid Structure which display characteristics of all structure taking advantage of their strengths and avoiding weaknesses and Matrix Structure wherein employees assigned to two reporting heads (Baligh, 2006). The choice of a specific organisational structure is affected by a number of factors however; organisational size, strategy, life cycle, technology and environment are the five most common factors that have comparatively greater impact (Kortmann, 2012). Size of an organisation greatly affects the choice of its organisational structure, greater the size greater is the complexity involved thus higher is the need for a well defined organizational structures. Small organisational like localised retail shops, restaurants, real-estate firms do not involve too many employees and its operations are simple thus they can do with a simple organizational structure and at times even do not need to define a structure (Mullins, 2011). They involve few tasks and roles thus are performed by employees based on their capabilities instead of following an organisational chart. The case however is different in case of large organisations which are spread across various geographical locations and have comp lex operations, for example Apple, Samsung, Toyota, Starbucks etc (Murray, et al., 2006). These organisations need well-defined organizational structure in order to define authorities and work allotments. These organisations will not be able to manage their business process and achieve desired goals without a well-defined organisational structure. Organisations may either choose to adopt a differentiation strategy or a cost-leadership strategy to position their products in market. The structure of the organisation must fit its strategy thus an organisation that aims for differentiation will choose a flexible organizational structure while an organisation that aims for greater efficiency and productivity while opt for a mechanistic organizational structure (Myers, 2009). Task 3 a): Tescos mission, vision and corporate strategy. Founded by Jack Cohen in year 1919, Tesco is a British multinational grocery and general merchandise retailer(Tesco PLC, 2015). Tesco has been raked as worlds third largest retailer in terms of profit and second largest retailer in terms of revenues. Tesco has its presence in 12 countries however 60% of its business is generated from UK. In UK Tesco is recognised as the grocery market leader. Tescos Mission: Mission statement of organisations states its general purpose (Hellriegel John W. Slocum, 2011). Tescos mission statement states we make what matters better, together (Tesco PLC, 2015). Tescos Vision: Vision of an organisation defines its long-term goals (Filte Ireland , 2013). Tescos vision is to be recognised as the most highly values business by its customers, by communities they operate in, by their valued, loyal and committed employees and by their stakeholders (Tesco PLC, 2015). Tescos Corporate Strategy: Once the vision and mission of an organisation is defined it develops strategies that can help achieving them. Tesco believes that their core values are means by which their can achieve their purpose of existence. Tescos core values are; Ensuring that no one tries harder for customers; Ensure they treat everyone in a manner they would like themselves to be treated and Using their scale for good (Tesco PLC, 2015). At Tesco core values are no different from their corporate strategies. b) Processes that can help Tesco in formulating its corporate strategy for year 2015 In order to meet the changing demands of todays dynamic marketplace and retaining their competitive advantage against competitors Tesco will have to formulate new corporate strategy for year 2015. Strategies refer to the actions that an organisation under takes in order to achieve their short term and long term goals and objectives (Filte Ireland , 2013). In order to develop effective corporate strategies Tesco will have to use strategy formulation processes which require a series of six steps to be performed in a sequential manner. Defining organizational objectives: It is essential to identify and define realistic and achievable goals for the organisation that align with their vision (Filte Ireland , 2013). Environmental assessment: Tesco will have to perform a situation analysis, competitor analysis and self evaluation in relation to both internal and external factors at both macro-environmental and micro-environmental level (Filte Ireland , 2013). A number of business management tools are available that help organisations in evaluating their external and internal environments such as; SWOT analysis, PESTLE analysis, Porters five forces model of competitive analysis. Force field analysis and Variant analysis etc. Defining quantitative targets: Tesco will have to define measurable targets for some of their objectives in order to facilitate evaluation in further steps (Filte Ireland , 2013). Strategic planning for sub units: Depending upon the contribution realised from each department and sub units within the organisation Tesco will have to develop strategic plan for different sub-units (Filte Ireland , 2013). Performance Analysis: This step in strategy formulation process help identifying the gap between existing performance and desired performance. This helps in planning continuous improvements in strategies (Filte Ireland , 2013). Choice of Strategy: After completing all the above steps involved in strategic planning process, based on outcome of each step Tesco will be able to formulate new corporate strategy for year 2015 (Filte Ireland , 2013). Tesco will have to indulge in extensive market research and analysiss in order to identify factors that can help them take advantage of opportunities presented by marketplace as well as create a competitive advantage that cannot be imitated by competitors. Tesco can take steps to implement total quality management, Lean and Six sigma processes that can help eliminating waste processes and planning continuous improvement thus reducing operations cost as a result of which Tesco will be able provide cost advantage to its customers while ensuring high product and service quality. c) Organisational culture and how it can help improving Tescos performance Organisational culture help defining the behaviour of individuals in an organisation and perceptions individuals attach to these behaviours (Hellriegel John W. Slocum, 2011). It represents the shared values, beliefs, attitudes, customs, and rules of the organisation that lead to the creation of a unique psychological and social environment within workplace. Organisational culture defines the way organisations treat their employees, customers, community and related partners. Organisational culture plays a very vital role in determining the overall performance of the organisations (Mullins, 2011). Changing Tescos organisational culture will surely help Tesco in increasing its performance as it will helping making it a better place to work where employees are treated with respect and integrity and are encourages to openly share their views. Knowledge sharing culture that encourage employees to realise their full potential helps enhancing employee motivation which inspire them to delive r high performance and commitment towards the organisation and customers. Conclusion Management principles are the drivers of organizational success. They not only help organisations in effectively carrying out their day to day operations but in carrying out them in a way that maximum benefits are achieved. They help organisations in enhancing their overall effectiveness and efficiency and also in creating and retaining competitive advantage against competitors. References Adair, J., (2009) Leadership and Motivation: The Fifty-Fifty Rule and the Eight Key Principles of Motivating Others. London: Kogan Page Publishers. Baligh, H. H., (2006) Organization Structures: Theory and Design, Analysis and Prescription. Hamburg: Springer Science Business Media. Chambley, J., (2013) Organisational Structures. [Online] Available at: https://businessstudiesjesschambley.blogspot.in/2013/06/organisational-structures.html [Accessed 2014]. Filte Ireland , (2013) Managing Key Business Processes. [Online] Available at: https://www.failteireland.ie/FailteIreland/media/WebsiteStructure/Documents/2_Develop_Your_Business/1_StartGrow_Your_Business/Managing-Key-Business-Processes.pdf Accessed 2014]. Fox, W., (2007) Managing Organisational Behaviour. Cape Town: Juta and Company Ltd. Hellriegel, D. John W. Slocum, J., (2011) Organisational Behaviour. New York: Cengage Learning. Kortmann, S., (2012) The Relationship between Organizational Structure and Organizational Ambidexterity: A Comparison between Manufacturing and Service Firms. Hamburg: Springer Science Business Media. Miner, J. B., (2005) Organizational Behavior: Essential theories of motivation and leadership. New York: M.E. Sharpe. Mullins, L. J., (2011) Essentials of Organisational Behaviour. London: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Murray, P., Poole, D. Jones, G., (2006) Contemporary Issues in Management and Organisational Behaviour. New York: Cengage Learning. Myers, P. S., (2009) Knowledge Management and Organisational Design. New Jersey: Routledge. Ng, L. C., (2011) Best management practices. Journal of Management Development, 30(1), pp. 93-105. Pattanayak, B., (2005) Human Resource Management. New Delhi: PHI Learning Pvt. Plunkett, W. R., Allen, G. Attner, R., (2012) Management. New York: Cengage Learning. Tesco PLC, (2015) Core Purpose and Values. [Online] Available at: https://www.tescoplc.com/index.asp?pageid=10 [Accessed 2015].

Financial Accounting Balance Sheet Management

Question: Describe about the Report for Financial Accounting of Balance Sheet Management. Answer: 1. Statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income P and L a/c of Swish Ltd for 30th June 2016 Particulars Amount Amount Sales revenue 3,245,000 Changes in clothing inventories 25,000 Purchases of clothing inventories 1,020,000 Shipping supplies 12,000 Delivery Charge - Freight Out 21,000 Cost of sales 1,078,000 Revenue from operations 2,167,000 Gain on revaluation of delivery vans 7,000 Assets revaluation surplus 7,000 Rental Revenue 73,000 Interest revenue 9,000 Gross profit 2,263,000 Expenses Advertising expense 38,000 Administrative salaries 168,000 Amortisation expenses- Patent 5,000 Annual leave Expenses sales staff 4,000 Annual leave-Administrative staff 2,000 Depreciation - shop fittings 42,000 Electricity Expenses - administration office 4,000 Depreciation on administration office equipment 8,000 Long service leave expenses- administrative staff 2,000 Promotion Expenses 26,000 Depreciation on vehicles 6,000 Rent Expenses- retail store 189,000 Rent Expenses- administration office 18,000 Electricity Expenses - retail store 17,000 Long service leave expenses- sales staff 10,000 Goodwill impairment loss 20,000 Sundry expenses 4,000 Doubtful debts 63,000 Sales staff salaries 285,000 Income tax expense 450,000 Interest expense 19,000 Tax of revaluation of delivery vehicle 3,000 Annual leave expense 9,000 Long service leave expense 5,000 (1,397,000) Net profit for the year 866,000 2. Statement of financial position Balance Sheet of Swish Ltd for the year ended 30th June 2016 Liabilities Amount Amount Equity and Liabilities Shareholders Funds Share Capital 500,000 Reserves and surplus 9,000 Retained earnings from 2016 866,000 Retained earnings from 2015 272,000 Non Current Liabilities/Long Term Liabilities Bank loans 200,000 Provision for annual leave 37,000 Less Repayable in 1 year 9,000 Less annual leave expense (sales staff and admin staff) 6,000 22,000 Provision for long service leave 18,000 Less Repayable in 1 year (sales staff and admin staff) 5,000 Less long service leave expense 12,000 1,000 Current Liabilities Provisions Accumulated impairment losses - goodwill 20,000 Accumulated depreciation - office equipment 22,000 Less depreciation on office equipment (8,000 ) 14,000 Accumulated depreciation - sales equipment 96,000 Accumulated amortization - patent 10,000 Accumulated depreciation - delivery van 3,000 Accounts payable 63,000 Current tax liability 312,000 Deferred tax liabilities 3,000 Total Liabilities 2,391,000 Assets Non Current Assets/Fixed Assets Amount Amount Shop fittings - at cost 614,000 Less Depreciation shop fittings (42,000) Administration office equipment 46,000 Vehicles delivery van - at fair value 70,000 less depreciation vehicle (6,000) Patent 50,000 Trade mark - at cost 35,000 Goodwill 50,000 Non Current Investments Investment property 954,000 Current Assets Inventories 98,000 Accounts receivable 545,000 less allowance for doubtful debts (83,000) Cash on hand 17,000 Prepaid Rent - retail sore 20,000 Deferred tax asset 23,000 Total Assets 2,391,000 Reference and Bibliography: Adrian, T., Shin, H. 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